In this final part of our blog series on QoS with the PIX/ASA, we examine the remaining two tools that we find on some devices - traffic shaping and traffic policing.

Traffic Shaping

Traffic shaping on the security appliance allows the device to limit the flow of traffic. This mechanism will buffer traffic over the "speed limit" and attempt to send the traffic later. On the 7.x security device, traffic shaping must be applied to all outgoing traffic on a physical interface. Shaping cannot be configured for certain types of traffic. The shaped traffic will include traffic passing though the device, as well as traffic that is sourced from the device.

In order to configure traffic shaping, use the class-default class and apply the shape command in Policy Map Class Configuration mode. This class-default class is created automatically for you by the system. It is a simple match any class map that allows you to quickly match all traffic. Here is a sample configuration:

pixfirewall(config-pmap)#policy-map PM-SHAPER

pixfirewall(config-pmap)# class class-default

pixfirewall(config-pmap-c)# shape average 2000000 16000

pixfirewall(config-pmap-c)# service-policy PM-SHAPER interface outside

Verification is simple. You can run the following to confirm your configuration:

pixfirewall(config)# show run policy-map

!

policy-map PM-SHAPER

 class class-default

shape average 2000000 16000

!

Another excellent command that confirms the effectiveness of the policy is:

pixfirewall(config)# show service-policy shape

Interface outside:

 Service-policy: PM-SHAPER

Class-map: class-default

shape (average) cir 2000000, bc 16000, be 16000

Queueing

     queue limit 64 packets

 (queue depth/total drops/no-buffer drops) 0/0/0

      (pkts output/bytes output) 0/0

Traffic Policing

With a policing configuration, traffic that exceeds the "speed limit" on the interface is dropped. Unlike traffic shaping configurations on the appliance, with policing you can specify a class of traffic that you want the policing to effect. Let's examine a traffic policing configuration. In this configuration, we will limit the amount of Web traffic that is permitted in an interface.

pixfirewall(config)# access-list AL-WEB-TRAFFIC permit tcp host 192.168.1.110 eq www any

pixfirewall(config-if)# class-map CM-POLICE-WEB

pixfirewall(config-cmap)# match access-list AL-WEB-TRAFFIC

pixfirewall(config-cmap)# policy-map PM-POLICE-WEB

pixfirewall(config-pmap)# class CM-POLICE-WEB

pixfirewall(config-pmap-c)# police input 1000000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop

pixfirewall(config-pmap-c)# service-policy PM-POLICE-WEB interface outside

Notice we can verify with similar commands that we used for shaping!

pixfirewall(config)# show run policy-map

!

policy-map PM-POLICE-WEB

 class CM-POLICE-WEB

  police input 1000000

!

pixfirewall(config)# show ser

pixfirewall(config)# show service-policy police

Interface outside:

  Service-policy: PM-POLICE-WEB

    Class-map: CM-POLICE-WEB

      Input police Interface outside:

        cir 1000000 bps, bc 31250 bytes

        conformed 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:  transmit

        exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:  drop

        conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps

I hope that you enjoyed this four part series on QoS on the PIX/ASA! Please look for other posts about complex configurations on the security appliances very soon. I have already been flooded with recommendations!

Happy Studies!